The Effect of My Plate Nutrition Education Through Augmented Reality Media on Changes in Vegetable Consumption Behavior in Elementary School Children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64146/gw4pw735Keywords:
My Plate, eating vegetables, elementary school children, Augmented Reality technology, nutrition educationAbstract
Low vegetable consumption among elementary school children in Indonesia remains a serious public health challenge, as conventional educational methods often fail to motivate behavioral change in the digital generation. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the "Isi Piringku" (My Plate) nutrition education program based on Augmented Reality (AR) on knowledge, attitudes, and vegetable consumption behavior. A quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design involved 72 fourth and fifth-grade students selected through purposive sampling. Respondents were divided into an experimental group (n=36) that received AR intervention and a control group (n=36) with conventional media. Data were analyzed using t-tests and effect size tests (Cohen's d). Results showed significant improvements in the experimental group compared to the control group in terms of knowledge (p<0.001; d=1.36), attitudes (p=0.003; d=1.03), and vegetable consumption behavior (p<0.001; d=1.19). The AR-based intervention proved to have a strong impact (large effect size) in increasing vegetable consumption behavior compared to conventional methods. This study recommends the integration of immersive technology in school health promotion strategies to create interactive and long-lasting learning experiences.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Baranowski, T., Buday, R., Thompson, D. I., & Baranowski, J. (2008). Playing for real: Video games and stories for health-related behavior change. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 34(1), 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2007.09.027
Brug, J., Lechner, L., & de Vries, H. (1995). Psychosocial determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption. Appetite, 25(3), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.1995.0062
Contento, I. R. (2021). Nutrition education: Linking research, theory, and practice (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Domel, S. B., Thompson, W. O., Davis, H. C., Baranowski, T., Leonard, S. B., & Baranowski, J. (1996). Psychosocial predictors of fruit and vegetable consumption among elementary school children. Health Education Research, 11(3), 299–308. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/11.3.299
Edwards, C. G., Sajjadi, P., Fatemi, A., Krieger, E. N., Klippel, A., & Masterson, T. D. (2022). The immersive virtual alimentation and nutrition application: An interactive digital dietitian. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 54(5), 481–484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2022.02.014
Fitzgerald, A., Heary, C., Nixon, E., & Kelly, C. (2010). Factors influencing the food choices of Irish children and adolescents: A qualitative investigation. Health Promotion International, 25(3), 289–298. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daq021
Johnson, G. M., & Puplampu, K. P. (2008). Internet use during childhood and the ecological techno-subsystem. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, 34(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.21432/T2CP4T
Juan, M. C., Charco, J. L., García-García, I., & Mollá, R. (2019). An augmented reality app to learn to interpret the nutritional information on labels of real packaged foods. Frontiers in Computer Science, 1, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2019.00001
Kalimuthu, I., Karpudewan, M., & Baharudin, S. (2023). An interdisciplinary and immersive real-time learning experience in adolescent nutrition education through augmented reality integrated with science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 55(10), 699–710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2023.08.007
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 Tahun 2014 tentang Pedoman Gizi Seimbang.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Laporan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023.
Kim, S., & Hill, N. E. (2015). Including fathers in the picture: A meta-analysis of parental involvement and students’ academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107(4), 919–934. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000023
Lien, N., Lytle, L. A., & Komro, K. A. (2002). Applying theory of planned behavior to fruit and vegetable consumption of young adolescents. American Journal of Health Promotion, 16(4), 189–197. https://doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-16.4.189
Long, J. W., Masters, B., Sajjadi, P., Simons, C., & Masterson, T. D. (2023). The development of an immersive mixed-reality application to improve the ecological validity of eating and sensory behavior research. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1170311. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1170311
McGuirt, J. T., Cooke, N. K., Burgermaster, M., Enahora, B., Huebner, G., Meng, Y., & Wong, S. S. (2020). Extended reality technologies in nutrition education and behavior: Comprehensive scoping review and future directions. Nutrients, 12(9), 2899. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092899
Mulyani, M., Bakthawar, P., & Munir, S. (2023). Integrating Group Investigation Method and Local Wisdom to Enhance Students’ Writing Skill. Ta Dib. https://doi.org/10.31958/jt.v26i1.8610
Parmer, S. M., Salisbury-Glennon, J., Shannon, D., & Struempler, B. (2009). School gardens: An experiential learning approach for a nutrition education program to increase fruit and vegetable knowledge, preference, and consumption among second-grade students. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 41(3), 212–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2008.06.002
Perdana, F., Madanijah, S., & Ekayanti, I. (2017). Pengembangan media edukasi gizi berbasis android dan website serta pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku tentang gizi seimbang siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Gizi Dan Pangan, 12(3), 169–178. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2017.12.3.169-178
Plechatá, A., Morton, T., Pérez-Cueto, F. J., & Makransky, G. (2022). A randomized trial testing the effectiveness of virtual reality as a tool for pro-environmental dietary change. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 14315. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18241-5
Reynolds, K. D., Hinton, A. W., Shewchuk, R. M., & Hickey, C. A. (1999). Social cognitive model of fruit and vegetable consumption in elementary school children. Journal of Nutrition Education, 31(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3182(99)70381-X
Riskesdas. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018.
Suleiman-Martos, N., García-Lara, R. A., Martos-Cabrera, M. B., Albendín-García, L., Romero-Béjar, J. L., la Fuente, G. A., & Gómez-Urquiza, J. L. (2021). Gamification for the improvement of diet, nutritional habits, and body composition in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 13(7), 2478. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072478
World Health Organization. (2020). WHO child growth standards: length/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age: methods and development. World Health Organization.
Yigitbas, E., & Mazur, J. (2024). Augmented and virtual reality for diet and nutritional education: A systematic literature review. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652048
Young, E. M., Fors, S. W., & Hayes, D. M. (2004). Associations between perceived parent behaviors and middle school student fruit and vegetable consumption. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 36(1), 2–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1499-4046(06)60122-X
Zabinski, M. F., Daly, T., Norman, G. J., Rupp, J. W., Calfas, K. J., Sallis, J. F., & Patrick, K. (2006). Psychosocial correlates of fruit, vegetable, and dietary fat intake among adolescent boys and girls. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106(6), 814–821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.03.014
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Fatra Kurniawan, Resty Ryadinency , Heni Maryani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
HealthSmart: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, all rights reserved. This open-access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons 